Behind the pious vows of the Fourth Crusade lay unpaid debts, political pressure, and a fateful deal with Venice that led to the brutal sack of Zara. This episode traces how financial desperation and ...

Launched by Pope Innocent III to reclaim Jerusalem, the Fourth Crusade instead ended up sacking the Christian city of ...

While the first three Crusades were launched in an effort to reclaim Jerusalem from Muslims, the Fourth Crusade, begun in 1202, pitted Christians against Christians: Roman Catholics against Orthodox.

Above it was mentioned that Pope Gregory VII’s call for Western Christians to give military aid to the Byzantines amounted to very little in 1074. This was not the case when, in response to an appeal ...

Is there a historical episode less understood by the general public and more urgently in need of clarification than the Crusades? To some on the right, the Crusades prefigured the modern wars that ...

The Crusades have been a topic of intense scholarly investigation for the last forty years. Some of the best historians in the world have focused their efforts on learning how the Crusade movement, ...