While we tend to quickly forget having been ill or having received a vaccine, the immune system remembers remarkably well. It has memory B cells—"trained" immune cells that circulate throughout the ...

Fig. 1: Defective maintenance of CD127 high memory CD8 T cells in MHCII-deficient, but not in CD4 T cell-depleted mice. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI. These ...

The Israeli study examined tumor samples and nearby lymph nodes from 11 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

However, details of the intervening steps, as researchers have learned in the past 65 years, are quite complex — certain cells carry the flu antigen to the immune system, specific immune cells respond ...

The average human has about 1.8 trillion immune cells. These cells patrol the body for bacteria, viruses, cancers, and other threats. Vaccines enhance this security system by teaching our immune cells ...

B cells play a key role in humoral immune responses through their ability to produce antibodies. In addition, they can also function through other antibody-independent pathways, such as immune ...

Researchers have discovered that some CAR-T cells engineered to fight cancer and other conditions carry the memory of past encounters with bacteria, viruses and other antigens within them, a finding ...

SEATTLE — Tissue resident memory (TRM) T cells are a hot topic lately in the treatment of psoriasis. These cells reside in the skin and other tissues and promote the inflammatory response, likely ...

For decades, dogma dictated that the immune system consisted of two separate branches. Cells of the innate system respond rapidly to molecular patterns shared by a broad array of pathogens. Meanwhile, ...

T-bet expression is required for persistence of memory B cells that have rapid differentiation potential to become antibody-producing plasma cells in response to a second infection BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – ...